The new apt command thoroughly cleans up, combining functions from both old commands and structuring them in a better way. For example, in addition to apt-get for editing Debian packages, the legacy system used the apt-cache command for outputting information about the packages. Design Error CorrectedĪpt fixes some errors of the original apt-get implementation. apt eliminates the need to push things around all you need is apt install package_name, specifying the full path if necessary. For instance, apt-get lets you move a package to /var/cache/apt/archives/ and then install the package using apt-get install package_name, and the software automatically manages the dependencies. The new command structure offers subtle improvements that save time and extra steps. Update packages (with removing and reinstalling)ĭisplay available and installed package versionsġ Corresponds to apt-get upgrade -install new-pkgs Update packages (without removing or reinstalling) The new apt upgrade installs new packages when they are added as dependencies of packages to be updated, although it still doesn't remove previously installed packages. The old command: apt-get upgrade installed the latest versions of all packages currently installed on the system from the repository, but it didn't remove existing packages or retroactively add dependencies. One exception is the apt upgrade command. As you can see, many commands are the same if you just exchange apt-get for apt. Table 1 shows some of the important commands side by side. For a full comparison, type apt -help and apt-get -help and compare the results. apt vs apt-getĪpt does not guarantee downwards-compatibility with apt-get, but many (though not all) command options are interchangeable. Note: The apt tool discussed in this article is not the same as the apt Python wrapper created by Linux Mint developers a few years ago. This article introduces the apt package management tool and explores some of the differences between apt and apt-get. Because apt-get still works in recent releases of Debian and other Debian-based distros, many users have not taken the time to learn about apt. The apt utility has been used in the Debian "Unstable" edition since 2014, and it became official with Debian 8. The apt utility consolidates features that were once spread among apt-get, apt-cache, and other commands, and it simplifies many of the command options for an easier and friendlier user experience. Since the release of Debian 8 "Jessie" and Ubuntu 16.04 "Xenial Xerus," all users of Debian-based systems can enjoy a new command-line interface to the APT system: apt. However, some users were not happy about the complex, and often confusing, system of apt-get commands and options. Through the years, apt-get and a constellation of other supporting utilities, such as apt-cache, have provided nearly effortless package management for Debian users, as well as users of Debian-based distros like Ubuntu and Knoppix, who take the time to master the commands. In the past, most users who wanted to work at the command line depended on the classic apt-get tool as an interface to the Debian package system. The APT package system supports a number of front-end applications, both command-line and GUI-based, that act as a user-friendly interface for managing Debian packages. APT performs most of the other functions associated with a package management system, including integrating external repositories. The bigger and more comprehensive Advanced Package Tool (APT) is a higher-level tool that includes dpkg on the back end. At the core of the Debian package management is dpkg, a low-level tool used for installing and removing Debian. The Debian package management infrastructure is a simple yet powerful system that has been a distinguishing feature of Debian since the project's early years.
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